Liquid pharmaceutical Preparations A solution is a homogenous one-phase system consisting of two or more components. →solvent + solute • The solvent is that phase in which the dispersion occurs and the solute is that component that is dispersed as small molecules or ions in the solvent. • Liquid preparations: the formulation prepared by dispersing…
PARENTERAL PREPARATIONS Parenteral preparations are sterile preparations intended for administration by injection, infusion, or implantation into the human or animal body. Parenteral preparations may require the use of excipients, for example, to make the preparation isotonic with respect to blood, to adjust the pH, to increase solubility, to prevent deterioration of the active substances, or…
Most common types of pharmaceutical contamination Contamination can lead to objectionable results in the Pharma industry. It can conciliate the safety of patients, staff, and the environment – as well as affect the market. High standards of hygiene are important to maintain, only preventing the bio-burden levels by means of effective cleaning is not sufficient:…
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HVAC SYSTEM AND TEST FOR HVAC QUALIFICATION What is HVAC? HVAC controls Temperature, Humidity, and Air quality inside a building. HVAC technology aims to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a sub-discipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. The HVAC system is…
PROCEDURE FOR ROUNDING OFF NUMERICAL VALUES AND REPORTING SYSTEM
Hold Time Study Protocol 1. Objective \ Scope 1.1. Hold time study data shall give the assurance of the maximum allowable hold times for bulk and in-process drug products. Generally, one lot can be used for validating hold times if any inconsistency results were observed then another two lots can be used for this study….
